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CRISPR (pronounced as "crisper") has the ability to cut undesirable traits and eventually, add desirable ones in plants, animals, and humans with more accuracy than ever before. This powerful tool is so revolutionary that the possibilities are endless. With the use of CRISPR technology, researchers are working on new ways to cure complex diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer's, blindness, HIV infection, and mental illnesses. In addition, not only are scientists using CRISPR in order to develop a better and safer method for producing fuel and chemicals, they are also finding a way to improve the quality of crops to make them more nutritious and resistant to pests and extreme weather patterns.

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CRISPR

A cluster of DNA sequences that can be used to edit and manipulate genomes

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C

Clustered

R

Regularly

I

Interspaced

S

Short

P

Palindromic

R

Repeats

W I T H

CRISPR'S IMPACT ON:

ANIMALS

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BIOTECHNOLOGY

AGRICULTURE

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HUMANS

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CRISPR, Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats, was supposed to be named as TREPs, tandem repeats, or Short Regularly Spaced Repeats: SRSR.

INNOVATIONS

FROM ALL OVER THE WORLD

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Osaka University, Japan

The unusual repeating sequences were first recognized in E.coli bacteria by Yoshizumi Ishino and his colleagues, which was later named CRISPR.

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Southern University of Science and Technology, China

He Jiankui is the first scientist to genetically modify human embryos using CRISPR, which he claimed to be successful.

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University of Alicante, Spain

CRISPR's function as an adaptive immune system in bacteria was first discovered by Francisco Mojica.

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 Great Ormond Street Hospital in London

Layla, a one-year-old suffering from leukemia, was saved by gene editing. Layla is the first ever person to be saved by this technology.

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University of California, Berkely

Two researchers, Jennifer Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpentier, collaborated and discovered that crRNA and tracrRNA could be fused together in order to create a better system.

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Anyone can modify DNA - one can do it at their own home. The CRISPR-Cas9 technology is so inexpensive and effortless that amateur biologists are able to alter DNA in their garage.

EXPERTS' THOUGHTS ON CRISPR

James Watson

Nobel-Winning Biologist

No one really has the guts to say it ... If we could make better human beings by knowing how to add genes, why shouldn't we do it?

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Jennifer Doudna

This has become such a fast-moving field that I even have trouble keeping up now ... We’re getting to the point where the efficiencies of gene editing are at levels that are clearly going to be useful therapeutically as well as a vast number of other applications.

Biochemist known for discovering CRISPR-Cas9 

Jason McHenry

a 3rd generation farmer who runs a 1,500-acre farm

It simplified life and helped us get ahead of the weeds. If we are going to make a healthier U.S., it has to start with us.

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Sakthivel Sadayappan

Director of the heart branch of the University of Cincinnati

Of course feasibility studies have issues. But it’s the only way science can evolve. This is exciting. This is the future.

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​Bananas that are sold in grocery stores, cavendish bananas, are going extinct due to a fungal disease. However, researchers plan on using CRISPR to find a cure for the disease and help stop the spreading of the fungus.

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CRISPR PUBLICATIONS

After CRISPR was exposed to the world in 2005, studies and researches in scientific journals have been increasing drastically. The graph shows the number of scientific publications that mentioned the word "CRISPR" throughout the years by numerous companies. 885 researches have already been published in May 2017 alone. Experts are expecting the publications to increase drastically by the end of the year. 

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More than 114,000 people are in need of a transplant in the U.S., alone. With the use of CRISPR, pigs can be organ donors for humans because their organs, such as the heart and lungs, are very similar to human ones.

CRISPR UPDATES

@CRISPR_News

@CRISPRJournal

MOST RECENT NEWS:

ENGINEERING THE MICROBIOME USING CRISPR FOR

LIVING MEDICINE

Paul Garofolo

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"Pathogens are killing more and more people every year and that trend is due to continue ... We’ve built a technology platform called crPhage; it is CRISPR-Cas3 engineered bacteriophage, which is the only technology in the world that can reach into the human body and selectively and precisely remove a bacterial species without touching any of the other good bacteria that sits inside the body. What we are trying to do … is to reach in to a different location of the human body and prove that CRISPR-Cas3 can … selectively remove only the bacteria that we are targeting. We’ll start with the bladder, then move to the lungs, we’ll then go to bloodstream infections…and then eventually work our way through to the gut."

MORE IN DEPTH ARTICLES/JOURNALS:

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QUESTIONS?

CONTACT ME

Naomi Ferrer

Sheldon High School's Biotechnology Academy Student

8333 Kingsbridge Drive, Sacramento, CA 95829     naomijannae@yahoo.com

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